《The Idea of Justice》

Is justice an ideal, forever beyond our grasp, or something that may actually guide our practical decisions and enhance our lives? In this wide-ranging book, Amartya Sen presents an alternative approach to mainstream theories of justice which, despite their many specific achievements have taken us, he argues, in the wrong direction in general. At the heart of Sen's argument is his insistence on the role of public reason in establishing what can make societies less unjust. But it is in the nature of reasoning about justice, argues Sen, that it does not allow all questions to be settled even in theory; there are choices to be faced between alternative assessments of what is reasonable. Sen also shows how concern about the principles of justice in the modern world must avoid parochialism, and further, address questions of global injustice. The breadth of vision, intellectual acuity and striking humanity of one of the world's leading public intellectuals have never been more clearly shown than in this remarkable book.

阿马蒂亚•森（Amartya Sen），1998年诺贝尔经济学奖获得者。森1933年生于印度，现在仍然保留印度国籍。他1953年在印度完成大学学业后赴剑桥大学就读，1959年取得博士学位。森曾执教于伦敦经济学院、牛津大学、哈佛大学等著名学府，现任剑桥大学三一学院院长。

森的突出贡献表现在五个领域内，分别是：社会选择理论、个人自由与帕累托最优的关系、福利与贫困指数衡量、饥荒问题与权利分配不均的关系以及道德哲学问题等。

森的学术思想继承了从亚里士多德到亚当•斯密等古典思想家的遗产。他深切关注全世界各地遭受苦难的人们，被誉为“经济学良心的肩负者”、“穷人的经济学家”。森的思想已经产生了重大影响，联合国发布的《人类发展报告》就是按照他的理论框架设计的。1972年诺贝尔经济学奖得主肯尼斯•阿罗认为，“在社会选择、福利经济学基础理论、更广泛的分配伦理学以及与这些领域相关的测量问题上。森是一位无可怀疑的大师。”